Built in 1882, the heritage listed Maryborough Railway Station features a Victorian design. The stationmaster's residence has much of the character of larger Queensland houses of that era. The railway complex also houses the Whistlestop Museum, which documents Maryborough's impressive rail history.

The first sod for the railway line from Maryborough to Gympie was turned in 1878, with pick and shovel gangs completing the project in three years. In 1895, the district boasted 300 items of locally made rolling stock. Maryborough has long been a major supplier of steam, diesel-electric and electric trains and train carriages in a railway history that began in 1873.

The railway station also has an air raid shelter built during the Second World War in viewing distance.